Heating-furnace



2 Sheets-Sheet 1 c. R. RAND. Hot Air Furnace.

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Patented Aug. 14, 1866.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

(J. R. RAND, OF DUBUQUE, IOWA.

HEATING-FURNACE.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 57,187, dated August 14, 1866.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, O. R. RAND, of Dubuque, in the county of Dubuque and State of Iowa, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces for Heating Houses; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, like letters indicating like parts wherever they occur.

To enable others skilled in the art to construct and use the invention, 1 will proceed to describe it.

My invention has for its object the more thorough and perfect heating and ventilating of buildings by means of an open-grate furmace; and it consists in a novel construction and arrangement of flues and dampers, whereby the cold air is brought into contact with a very large heating-surface before entering the rooms.

It further consists in a novel arrangement for removing the ashes from the fire-place; in a novel construction of the fire-grate, and in I the use of an adjustable water-vessel for moistening the heated air.

A represents the fire-place, which, with the platform or hearth G, having the various air and smoke passages formed therein, as hereinafter explained, is intended to be made of cast-iron, in the general form as shown in perspective in Figure 1, a portion of the outer shell of the fire-place being broken away to show the arrangement of the fiues and dampers therein.

Underneath the platform 0 is located a shallow compartment, B, as shown in Fig. 2, which is intended as a chamber to receive the cold air at openings T on either side and convey it to heating-fines.

These parts A, O, and R are intended to be so constructed of iron as to fit snugly together, and to be so located that when the furnace or grate is in its proper position in the fire-place or chimney the top of the hearth or platform 0 will be flush with the floor of the apartment in which it may be located.

The cold air which enters at T is divided in the air-chamber B, one part passing up the flue G by the side of the fire until it arrives opposite the ends of the fire-grate U, the bars 1? of which are made hollow, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. A portion of the air passes through the hollow bars of the grate U, being heated and passing out into the flue G on the opposite side, the amount of air passing through the grate-bars 1. being regulated by the dampers c and c, as shown in Fig. 1. Another portion of the air passes through the heatingchamber or flue D, located directly ,over the fire in the throat of the fire-place or furnace, and passing out into the flue G on the opposite side, in like manner, this flue being also provided with adamper, h, as shown in Fig. 1. The rest of the air in flue G passes on over the the top of the fire-place and down on the opposite side into the hot-air chamber in hearth C, it having been in immediate contact with the hot plates during its entire passage through flue Gr. Another portion of the air enters the flue P in rear of the fire-place, (see Fig. 2,) and passing up to the top of said flue P flows over the division-plate into flue P, which brings it into direct contact with the back plates of the fire-place, and from whence it passes heated into the hot-air chamber; also, the two currents of heated air, uniting in a hot-air reservoir or chamber extending under the fire-place and out in front of it under the hearth G. I also propose to introduce another current of air from the chamber B through a pipe passing vertically through the hot-air chamber and opening in front of and underneath the firegrate U, for the purpose of assisting the combustion of the fuel.

U, Fig. 3, represents the fire-grate, which is cast in two parts, and fitted snugly together in such a manner as to render the top and bottom bars, t, and also the crossbars n, hollow, it being so located with reference to the openings in the flue G as to receive air therefrom at one side of the fire-place and discharge it at the opposite side, as already stated, thus serving not only to heat the air, but also to preserve the grate from being burned out.

D represents an air-passage, also passing transversely across the fire-place, it being formed of metal plates of the form shown in Fig. 2, and so located as to permit the fiame and smoke to pass up both in its front and rear, as indicated by theblack arrowsin Fig. 2, aportion of the inside plate of thflue G being broken away to show it. On the rear side it has a perforated plate, 00, projecting horizontally across the space between it and the back of the fire-place, which is intended to act as a spark-arrester.

The smoke ascends on both sides of D, and, passing over the curved plate a, which forms the top of the air-fines I and P, as shown in Fig. 2, then descends through the rear passage, I, and is divided by the double-inclined or V-shaped division-plate I, one-half passing on each side into the horizontal flue I, thence forward under and around the end of divisionplate 0, and back through the fine H, and thence up the flue H and out into the chimney, its passage being indicated clearly by the black arrows. These horizontal smoke-fines I and H, it will be observed, extend for a considerable distance along each side under the platform G and over the cold-air chamber R, their walls forming the top of the cold-air chamber, and also the sides of the hot-air chamber. A movable plate, L, is located over each of these flnes H, for the purpose of access to remove any ashes or deposit that may accumulate there. A portion of the divisionplate 0 is also made removable, for the purpose of giving access to the lower flues, I,

in a similar manner. In like manner the plate 0 at the top of the fire-place is also made 'removable, for the purpose of removing any soot or ashes may be deposited at that point.

A damper, h, Fig. 1, is located in the airflue G, to regulate the. amount of air passing over the top and this damper, it will be observed, is so hung that by simply shaking it it will be at once freed from all accumulations of soot or ashes, its inclined position being such that but very little can lodge thereon. In like manner the valves or dampers at in the smoke-flue H are pivoted, as shown ate, and when open hang vertically. To the valvestem at is attached a curved rod, 2, Which, when the stem is rotated, strikes against the valve d, and thus closes it.

It will be observed that all the valve or damper rods have a projection on the under side of the head, which fits into a notch or recess in the plate, for the purpose of holding them in position and preventing their being accidentally displaced.

0 represents a pipe extending from the bottom of the fire-place under the grate U, down through the hot-air chamber, and also through the cold-air chamber B into the cellar below, to permit the ashes to escape from the fireplace, a valve, n operated by the rod 8 and handle t, serving to open or close it, as may be desired.

. In order to temper the hot air with moisture, as may be desired, I place a movable wator-vessel, K, withinthe hot-air chamber, as shown in Fig. 1, a portion of the plate'M bein g broken away to show it. This water-vessel K is set on a movable platform having a opens at right angles both to the right and the left, the latter being provided-at each side with a register or door, 12, as shown in Fig. 1. At each side an opening is made in this transverse flue, and covered with a perforated plate, 0, on which may be'placed the radiator E, if

desired. A sliding valve, N, serves to close this opening, the valve N being operated by the rack r and pinion-rod r. On each side of the central time, F, another opening is also made for the escape of hot air, which is also provided with a register or door, 10. These openings are all intended to connect with suitable fines to conduct the hot air to various rooms, as circumstances may require.

Where a great number of rooms are to be heated, and it becomes necessary to 'dlVldB the heat passing from any one of these flues 'into several currents, I apply the dividingflue F. As will be seen by Fig. 4, this has three outlet-valves, t", which may be closed or opened independently. Two deflecting or guide plates, is, are so located that when any of the valves t are opened these plates k may be arranged to unite with them and form a direct passage for the hot air to the open passage, and at the .same time deflect it entirely from the others. It is obvious that any desired number of these may be used in connection with one or all the fines from the hot-air chamber.

The inside plates or linings of the fire-place are to be made of corrugated or fluted plates, provided with lugs or hooks, by which they can be held in position, and at the same time permit of their being removed and replaced at pleasure.

By these means I produce an open furnace that can be adapted to any ordinary lire-place,

and in which the air is spread over an immense amount of heating-surface, while the smoke is made to pass fora long distance in close proximity to the air-fines, thereby utilizin g all the heat contained in it, thus rendering it a most economical heating apparatus.

At the same time it is so arranged that all the fines can be cleaned without removing the furnace, and a constant supply of fresh air is secured, thereby ventilating as well as warming the rooms with fresh air properly supplied with moisture.

Having thus described my invention, 'what I claim is- 1. The open furnace provided with the airpassage G, in combination with the lateral air-flue D, located in the upper part of the fire-place, as shown and described.

2. In combination with the air-passages G and D, the hollow or tubular barred grate U, arranged and operating as set forth.

3. In combination with the open furnace, 6. The dividing chamber or passage F, when the air-chamber R and the vertical flues P and provided with the valves i and deflecting- P, arranged as shown and described. plates 70, arranged as herein set forth.

4. The arrangement of the smoke-flues 1,1

H, and H, as set forth. 7 BAND 5. The adjustable Water-vessel K, located Witnesses:

Within the hot-air chamber, as shown and de- W. G. DODGE, scribed. E. R. MGKEAN. 

